Helicobacter Pylori Infection And Risk Factors Among Outpatient Attendees Of Jos And Bingham University Teaching Hospitals, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
DOI: doi-org-10-51374-annalsmls-2024-3-1-0012
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Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has assumed a global dimension, affecting half of the world’s population and, therefore, remains a serious public health threat.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection among patients attending Gastroenterology Clinics of two selected teaching hospitals in Plateau State, Jos, Nigeria. Patients were recruited as they
presented at the clinics of the hospitals between July and September 2023. Patients with active bleeding, recent use of antibiotics or proton pump inhibitors were excluded. Self-administered structured questionnaires, in addition to laboratorybased proforma, were used to collect data. The seroprevalence of H. pylori and the fecal-prevalence were determined using a one-step rapid test device (Best H. pylori test kit, Ameritech Diagnostic Reagent- China) and immunochromatographic assay (Biotest Biotech, China) respectively. The data collected was cleaned, entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26.0 (Chicago IL, USA) software, and analyzed. The results were presented as tables, and a value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Anti-H. pylori IgG antibody was detected in 89.0% of the patients, and H. pylori antigens were present in the stool of 37.0% of the patients. The 48.0% seroprevalence of H. pylori was higher among the patients aged 10- 30 years, and seroprevalence of 91.2 % among those aged 31- 60. Number of people living in a home were significantly associated with H. pylori infection (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: This study showed the presence of H. pylori in the community and recommends further study with a larger population size.
Keywords: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Helicobacter pylori, Immunoglobulin G, Antigen, Risk factors